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【編者按】動名詞是非限定動詞的一種形式，由動詞原形+ing構(gòu)成。它既有動詞的特征，又有名詞的特征，故稱。動名詞也有時態(tài)和語態(tài)的變化，如表所示(以及物動詞write為例)，不及物動詞沒有語態(tài)的變化。

時態(tài)/語態(tài) 主動 被動

一般式 writing being written

完成式 having written having been written

6.1 動名詞作主語、賓語和表語

1)作主語。例如：

Fighting broke out between the South and the North. 南方與北方開戰(zhàn)了。

2)作賓語

a. 有些動詞可以用動名詞作賓語。例如：

admit 承認(rèn) appreciate 感激 avoid 避免 complete完成 consider認(rèn)為 delay 耽誤

deny 否認(rèn) detest 討厭 endure 忍受 enjoy 喜歡 escape 逃脫 fancy 想象

finish 完成 imagine 想象 mind 介意 miss 想念 postpone推遲 practice 訓(xùn)練

recall 回憶 resent 討厭 resume 繼續(xù) resist 抵抗 risk 冒險 suggest 建議

face 面對 include 包括 stand 忍受 understand 理解 forgive 寬恕 keep 繼續(xù)

例如：Would you mind turning down your radio a little, please? 你把收音機音量調(diào)小一點，好嗎

The squirrel was lucky that it just missed being caught. 這松鼠幸運得很，剛逃避了被逮住的厄運。

b. 有些結(jié)構(gòu)后面可以用動名詞作賓語或其他成分。例如：

admit to prefer…to be used to lead to devote oneself to object to

stick to no good no use be fond of look forward to be proud of

be busy can\'t help be tired of be capable of be afraid of think of

burst out keep on insist on count on set about

put off be good at take up give up be successful in

3)作表語，對主語說明、解釋。例如：

Her job is washing, cleaning and taking care of the children. 她的工作是洗刷、清掃和照顧孩子。

比較：She is washing, cleaning and taking care of the children.

4)作定語，一般表示所修飾名詞事物的用途。例如：

a writing desk=a desk for writing 寫字臺

a swimming pool=a pool swimming 游泳池

有些動名詞作定語，與所修飾的名詞關(guān)系比較復(fù)雜。例如：

boiling point=a temperature point at which something begins to boil 沸點

a walking tractor=a tractor which a driver can operate while he or she is walking behind it 手扶拖拉機

6.2 worth 的用法

worth, worthy, worthwhile都是形容詞，意為\"值得\"。

1. worth： be worth + n.　 當(dāng)名詞為金錢時，表示\"…… 值得……\"

常見的有It ’s worth while to do./ It ’s worth(someone’s)while doing

be worth doing sth.　\"……某事值得被做\"

The question is not worth discussing again and again. 這問題不值得反復(fù)討論。

2. worthy：be worthy of +n.　當(dāng)名詞為抽象名詞時表示\"……值得……\"

be worthy to be done \"某事值得被做\"

The question is not worthy to be discussed again and again.

3. worthwhile：be worthwhile to do sth　 \"值得做某事\"

It is worthwhile to ask him to join the club.值得邀請他加入俱樂部。

典型例題

It is not ____ to discuss the question again and again.

A. worth　 B. worthy　C. worthwhile　D. worth while

答案C. 由worth的用法可知，此句只適合詞組be worthwhile to do sth.。選C。

6.3 動名詞不定式、分詞練習(xí)

1.I was ______ work last week, but I changed my mind.

a. to start b. to have started c. to be starting d. to have been starting

2.I intended ______ the matter with you, but I had some guests hen.

a. discuss b. discussing c. having discussed d. to have discussed

3.Don’t let me catch you ______.

a. do that again b. to do that again c. doing that again d. done that again

4.There are many kinds of metals ______.

a.each has its special properties b. one has its special properties

b. each having its special properties d. having its special properties

5.It’s pay-day, and they’re waiting ______.

a. for paying b. to be paid c. to be paying d. to have paid

6._______ trouble, I’m going to forget the whole affair.

a. Then rather cause b. Rather causing

c. Rather than cause d. Rather than caused

7. The brilliance of his satires was ______ make even his victims laugh.

a. so as to b. such as to c. so that d. such that

8.Children with parents whose guidance is firm, consistent, and rational are inclined ______ high levels of self-confidence.

a. possess b. have possessed c. to possess d. possessing

9.The worker is ______ in repairing the machine to notice my coming.

a. too busy b. enough busy c. busy too d. busy enough

10.“What did you do in the garden?”

“I watched my father ______ his motorbike.”

a. to repair b. repaired c. repairing d. repairs

11.We must have an engineer ______ the workers build the house.

a. to see b. see c. seeing d. seen

12.Induction means ______ a general conclusion from special facts.

a. to come to b. to coming c. coming to d. came

13.I’m not going to ask the teacher why he gave me that grade; I intend _______.

a. to let rest the matter b. the matter to be let resting

c. letting the matter to rest d. to let the matter rest

14.I have tried _______ worrying about it.

a. to stop consciously b. to consciously stop

c. to conscious stopping d. to stopping consciously

15.“Do you want to give a talk on that subject?”

“I prefer ______ .”

a. not want b. not wanting c. to not giving d. not to

16.I _______ the truth of your remarks, although they go against my interests.

a. cannot but admit b. cannot help but to admit

c. cannot but admitting d. cannot help but admitting

17.Since she is angry, we ______.

a. had better leaving her alone b. should leave her alone

c. might as well leave her alone d. had rather leave her alone

18.I don’t allow ______ in my office and I don’t allow my family ______ at all.

a. to smoke…smoking b. smoking…to smoke

c. to smoke…to smoke d. smoking…smoking

19.You should remember ______ from the point when you are writing a composition.

a. don’t wander b. not to wander c. no wandering d. not wander

20.Grace advised us to withdraw ______.

a. so as to get not involved b. so as not to get involved

c. so that to get not involved d. as not to get involved

21.He ran all the way up to the station ______ that the train had left fifteen minutes before.

a. in order to find b. so as to find c. only to find d. such as to find

22.George went hunting for a week but still he didn’t find a room ______.

a. to live b. to live in c. for living d. to be living in

23.You should really avoid ______ at home alone as he is old and ill.

a. your father stay b. your father to stay

c. your father’s staying d. your father who stays

24.John didn’t want to risk ______ wet as he had only one suit.

a. getting b. to get c. being got d. to be gotten

25.I’m disappointed with the new officers elected in our club, but there is no point _______ about it.

a. to worry b. in worrying c. with us worrying d. if we worry

26.It won’t be any use ______ to borrow any more money.

a. you to try b. of your trying c. trying you d. your trying

27.The law requires all cars _______ for safety and efficiency.

a. being tested regularly b. to be regularly tested

c. be regularly tested d. regularly tested

28.I remember ______ to the zoo by my father when I was little.

a. being taken b. taking c. have been taken d. to have taken

29.I completely forgot ______ the front door last night and feel fortunate that nothing is stolen.

a. locking b. being locked c. to lock d. to have locked

30.I regret ______ you that your application has been refused.

a. informing b. being informed c. to be informed d. to inform

31.I didn’t mean ______ anything, but these apples looked so good I couldn’t resist ______ one.

a. to eat…trying b. to eat…o trying c. eating…to try d. eating…to trying

32.I know it isn’t important but I can’t help ______ about it.

a. but to think b. thinking c. think d. to think

33.The ship, ______ to a shapeless wreck, was hardly recognizable.

a. being reduced b. reducing c. reduced d. having been reducing

34.The young doctor could not sleep at night, his thoughts ______ him no peace.

a. gave b. giving c. being given d. to give

35.After a long walk on a hot day, one feels ______.

a. exhaustive b. exhausting c. exhaust d. exhausted

36.Those relatives of his are ______ . I don’t want to have any dealings with them.

a. boring people b. bored people

c. people having bored d. people having boring

37.You must follow the directions exactly and if you become ______, you must take the time to go back again and reread them.

a. to confuse b. confusing c. confuse d. confused

38.There is something wrong with my TV set, I must have it ______.

a. checking b. check c. to check d. checked

39.He was just about to jump up when he felt something ______ near his feet.

a. to move b. move c. moving d. moved

40.______ with the corresponding period of last year, the output of chemical fibers in the first quarter rose by 15%.

a. Comparing b. To compare c. Compared d. Compare

41.“Was the rally successful?’

“No, because the number of ______ was smaller than we had expected.”

a. people who attend b. attended people

c. people attending d. attendance of people

42.Uncle Dick has already arrive. Do you expect ______ to see him?

a. Going b. go c. to go d. that you go

43.From the electric refrigerator Dick takes a carton of cream, another of fresh milk and a can of ______ orange juice.

a.frozen b. froze c. freezing d. freezed

44.He felt bad for ______ a chance to study abroad.

a. having not given b. not having given

c. having not been given d. not having been given

45.In some countries there are already a number of firms ______ computer programming.

a. specialize in b. specialized in c. specializing in d. specializes in

46.The young man who saw the car ______ into the river telephoned the police station.

a. plunge b. plunged c. was plunging d. to plunge

47.While she was shopping, she kept ______ the list to make sure she hadn’t forgotten anything.

a. checked b. checking c. to check d. check

48.You’d better ______.

a. to have your shoes mended b. to have mended your shoes

c. have your shoes mended d. having your shoes mended

49.The machines are made ______ at full speed.

a. work b. working c. to work d. to be worked

50.It is certain that men will never stop ______ new energy sources to power their growing industry.

a. finding b. to find c. having found d. found

51.It is really quite extraordinary that we should have been at the same college without ______ before.

a. met b. being met c. having met d. having been met

52.Professor Smith is said ______ another important discovery in chemistry.

a. having made b. having been made c. to have made d. to make

53.Without the sun’s light ______ the earth’s surface, it would be so cold that life could not exist on the earth.

a. warms b. warmed c. warming d. to warm

54.The rocket will weigh about 200 tons when ______.

a. being completed b. completed completing d. have been completed

55.There are plans ______ a number of atomic power station in this regions.

a. to build b. to be built c. building d. being built

56.All of us are looking forward to ______ a trip to the Ming Tombs.

a. make b. making c. to making d. have made

57.I can’t understand ______ a decision until it is too late.