二、重點、難點： 重點：1. 應用本模塊交際用語，如：Don’t talk to me about that! Good luck! 等。 2. 掌握下列短語give up, bump into, persuade sb. to do sth.，a bit的用法； 3. 能掌握whose引導的定語從句。 難點：1. hurt, ache和pain的區(qū)別； 2. 掌握agree with sb., agree to sth, agree on sth, 與agree to do sth的用法； 3. 掌握whose引導的定語從句。
三、知能提升： （一）重點單詞 ［單詞學習］ 1. exercise 【用法】n. 鍛煉，運動（不可數(shù)名詞）；練習題，操練（可數(shù)名詞） take exercise = do sports “進行運動；做鍛煉” 【例句】(1) He takes exercise every day. 他每天都運動。 (2) We do morning exercises every day. 我們每天都做早操。 (3) There are five exercises for you to do. 你要做5道練習題。 【考查點】詞義理解。 【易錯點】不會區(qū)分是可數(shù)名詞還是不可數(shù)名詞。 【考題鏈接】You’d better do morning ______________ every day. It’s good to take lots of ___________. A. exercise, exercise B exercises, exercise C. exercise, exercisesD. exercises, exercises 答案：B 解題思路：此題考查exercise的運用，“做早操”是“do morning exercises”，要用復數(shù)；“做鍛煉”是“take exercise”，exercise是不可數(shù)名詞，故選B。 2. ache 【用法】v. 疼痛（表示局部的持續(xù)的疼痛） 【考查點】ache, pain, hurt 的區(qū)別。 辨析：ache, pain, hurt：三者都有“疼痛”之意。 ache：指“身體長時間、持續(xù)的疼痛”，是不及物動詞，主語可以是人、身體某部位或某器官；還可用作名詞，指“身體方面的隱隱作痛”。 如：I ache all over. 我渾身痛。 The ache in her head was terrible. 她頭痛得厲害。 此外，ache還可以和表示身體部位的名詞構成復合詞，如：headache（頭痛），toothache（牙痛） pain：常用作不可數(shù)名詞，指“身體上的或精神上的痛苦”，用于比喻義，指心靈的傷痛，也可指付出努力，常用短語是“have a pain in…”, 意為“（身體某部位）疼”。 如：He has a pain in the head. 他頭疼。 hurt：普通用語，既可指肉體上的傷害，也可指精神上，感情上的傷害，表示“疼”時前面加身體部位。 如：—Do your arms still hurt? 你的胳膊還疼嗎？ —Yes, they hurt quite a lot. 是的，疼得厲害。 【易錯點】ache, pain, hurt 的意思易混淆。 【考題鏈接】 Suddenly Mr. Li began to _____ after the snake bit him. A. ache B. pain C. hurt 答案：A 解題思路：此題考查ache, pain, hurt 的辨析，由于主語是人，可先排除C，而pain作動詞解時，意為“使疼痛”，主語一般是身體某部位，故選A。 3. interest 【用法1】v. 使……產(chǎn)生興趣 【例句】English interests him. 英語使他產(chǎn)生興趣。 He interested me in math. 他使我對數(shù)學感興趣。 【用法2】n. 興趣，愛好 （表示“某一方面的愛好”，其后可接介詞in.） 固定短語：place of interest 名勝 【例句】She has an interest in art. 她喜好藝術。 There are many places of interest in China. 中國有許多名勝。 此外，interest后面加后綴可以構成形容詞interesting和interested。interesting修飾物或主語是物，表示某物使人很感興趣；interested修飾人或主語是人，表示某人對某物感興趣。相關短語：be interested in 對……感興趣 【例句】It is an interesting book for children. 那是一本有趣的兒童讀物。 I’m not interested in politics. 我對政治不感興趣。 【考查點】由interest構成的短語。 【易錯點】后綴-ing或-ed的用法易混淆。 【考題鏈接】 我對別人的秘密毫無興趣。 I ______________________________________ others’ secrets at all. 答案：am not interested in 解題思路：此題考查interest后面加后綴構成形容詞的用法。由于主語是人，應加后綴-ed, 后面已有at all，故前面在be動詞后加not即可，故填寫am not interested in。 4. behave 【用法】v. 行為，表現(xiàn) 常用副詞修飾，表示以某種特殊的方式行事，如無副詞修飾，則表示以一種適宜的方式行事。Behave yourself! 是口語中常用的表達，表示“規(guī)矩點！”。 【例句】The boy behaved very well last night. 那個男孩昨晚表現(xiàn)很好。 I told the child to behave. 我告訴那孩子要規(guī)矩。 【考查點】詞義理解。 【易錯點】拼寫錯誤。 【考題鏈接】 The children don’t know how to b________________ decently（高雅地）. 答案：behave 解題思路：此句意為“孩子們不知道怎樣舉止高雅”，故填寫behave。 5. persuade 【用法】v. 說服，勸服 一般指以道理、請求等“說服，勸服”，最后結果是成功的。常用于persuade sb. to do sth.＝persuade sb. into doing sth.“說服某人做某事”結構中。與動詞advise“建議，勸告”同義，但advise并未提及結果成功與否。 【例句】He persuaded her to go to school, even though she did not want to. 即使她不想去上學，他還是說服她去。 【考查點】persuade sb. to do sth.這一短語。 【易錯點】persuade與advise混淆不清。 【考題鏈接】I _____________ him to learn some French, but he didn’t think it was a good idea. A. persuaded B. hoped C. advised 答案：C 解題思路：此題考查persuade與advise的區(qū)別，首先排除B， 因為“希望某人做某事”應用wish而不是用hope; 由于后面提到“他認為這不是一個好主意”，說明結果沒有成功，故選C。 6. ban 【用法】v. 禁止（指從法律上禁止） ban sth. 禁止某事 ban sb. from doing sth. 明令禁止某人做某事 【例句】Smoking is banned in public. 公共場所禁止吸煙。 They banned him from attending the meeting. 他們不準他出席會議。 【考查點】詞義理解。 【易錯點】ban的詞形變化易寫錯。 【考題鏈接】他已被禁止開車半年了。 He has ____________________________________ for six months. 答案：been banned from driving 解題思路：此題考查ban sb. from doing sth.的被動結構，由于前面有has，要用現(xiàn)在完成時，故填寫been banned from driving。
［即學即練］ ① Bob takes __________ every day and it makes him stronger than before. A. exercise B. exercises C. medicine ② How can I _______________ you to accept the offer? A. persuade B. advise C. refuse ③ The story is so ______________ that I have read it for several times. A. interest B. interested C. interesting ④ They want to______ junk food ______ schools. A. ban, to B. ban, from C. prevent, from ⑤He _____________ badly in the accident last night. A. ached B. pain C. hurt ⑥ The teacher said that Tom behaved _____________ at school. A. good B. bad C. badly ⑦ 我說服了她去參加晚會。 I ________________ her ________________________ to the party.
（二）重點短語 ［短語學習］ 1. give up 【用法】放棄（后面接名詞，動名詞，代詞要放在中間） 【例句】Smoking is bad. He has given it up. You mustn’t give up studying foreign languages for even a day. 【考查點】短語本意。 【易錯點】give up后的動詞及give 的過去式和過去分詞。 【考題鏈接】 醫(yī)生建議我戒煙。 The doctor advised me _______________________________. 答案：to give up smoking. 解題思路：此題考查give up doing sth.這個短語，由于“建議某人做某事”是“advise sb. to do sth.”，故填寫to give up smoking。 2. bump into 【用法】“碰見，遇見” 【例句】I don’t bump into you much these days. 辨析：meet與bump into： meet “遇見，相見，碰見”，是指最普通的相見。而bump into則強調指“偶然遇見”，相當于meet by accident。如：We are going to meet him at the airport. Guess who I bumped into today? 【考查點】短語本意。 【易錯點】bump into后誤加動詞。 【考題鏈接】 我看到那輛出租車撞上了一輛停著的車。 I saw the taxi _____________________ a parked car. 答案：bump into 解題思路：此題考查bump into的翻譯，此外還考查了see sb. do sth. 這一結構，故填寫bump into。 3. a bit 【用法】“有點兒” 【例句】It’s a bit cold today. 辨析：a bit與a little： 1）相同之處：a bit與a little都可作程度副詞，表示“稍微、一點兒”的意思，修飾動詞、形容詞、比較級等，二者可以互換。例如： Will you please turn down the radio a bit/a little?（動詞）請你把收音機聲音關小一點好嗎？ She’s a bit/a little afraid of the teacher.（形容詞）她有點怕老師。 Her mother feels a bit/a little better today.（比較級）她母親今天感覺好一些。 2）不同之處： （1）a little可以直接修飾不可數(shù)名詞，而a bit修飾不可數(shù)名詞時，只能用a bit of。例如： Tom has a little money.＝Tom has a bit of money. 湯姆有一點錢。 （2）a bit和a little與not連用時，意思大相徑庭。not a bit＝not at all，意為“一點也不”；not a little＝very much，意為“十分”、“相當”、“極其”。例如： He is not a bit tired. 他一點也不累。 He is not a little tired. 他很累。 【考查點】a bit與a little的區(qū)別。 【易錯點】a bit與a little的用法混淆不清。 【考題鏈接】 Why don’t men do _____________________ housework? A. a bit B. a little of C. a bit of 答案：C 解題思路：由于后面有名詞housework, a bit不可以直接加名詞，a little接名詞不需要加of, 故選C。 4. agree with sb. 【用法】“同意某人的觀點或某人說的話” 【考查點】agree with sb., agree to sth., agree on sth., 與agree to do sth.的用法。 辨析：agree with sb., agree to sth., agree on sth., 與agree to do sth.： agree with sb.：表示“同意某人的觀點或某人說的話”，著重指說話者的心理反應，并無愿意協(xié)作之意。 如：I really can’t agree with you. agree to sth.：表示“同意計劃、建議和意見”等，表示愿意協(xié)作。 如：The president agreed to the plan for the next five years. 總統(tǒng)同意下一個五年計劃。 agree on sth.：表示“在某事上取得一致意見”。強調雙方彼此同意所述之事。 如：We all agreed on the date of the meeting. 我們一致同意開會的日期。 agree to do sth.：表示“同意做某事”。 如：They all agreed to start at once. 【易錯點】將agree with sb., agree to sth, agree on sth., 與agree to do sth.的意思混淆。 【考題鏈接】 Do you agree _____________ what he said? A. to B. on C. with 答案：C 解題思路：此句意為“你同意他所說的嗎？”，“同意某人說的話”要用agree with，故選C。
［即學即練］ 1. He runs ____________ faster than Tony. A. a few B. a bit C. more 2. 我在黑暗中撞上了一把椅子。 I _______________________ a chair in the dark. 3. 你應該戒煙，我去年就戒掉了。 You should stop smoking, I _______________________ last year. 4. 你認為他會同意他們的建議嗎？ Do you think he will ____________________________ their proposal?
（三）重點句型 ［句型學習］ 1. Don’t talk to me about that! 【用法】“不要和我談那件事！” talk to sb. about sth. 意為“和某人談論某事”。 【例句】What do you want to talk to me about? 【考查點】talk to sb.與talk about sth.。 【易錯點】錯用介詞。 【考題鏈接】Who did you talk _______________ just now? A. about B. to C. at 答案：B 解題思路：此題意為“你剛才在和誰談話？”，“和某人談話”要用介詞to, 故選B。 2. Good luck! 【用法】“祝好運！” Good luck to sb. 意為“祝某人好運” Good luck with sth. 意為“祝某事好運或成功” 【例句】Good luck (to you) with your exam. 【考查點】語境運用。 【易錯點】錯用介詞。 【考題鏈接】—Tomorrow I will have a driving test. —_________________ A. Good luck! B. Bad luck! C. Don’t worry. 答案：A 解題思路：此題考查語境運用, 根據(jù)上句“我明天要進行駕照考試”，可推斷出應選A。 3. whose引導的定語從句。 【用法】whose是定語從句中一個常用的關系代詞，它是who的所有格，在從句中作定語，意為“（某人/物）的……”。它所指代的先行詞既可以是人，也可以是物。 【例句】（1）This is the little girl whose parents were killed in the great earthquake. 這位就是父母在大地震中喪生的小女孩。 （2）We live in a house whose windows open to the south. 我們住在一間窗戶朝南開的房子里。 在第一句中，先行詞the little girl與從句中的名詞 parents有所屬關系，即the little girl’s parents, 因此要用whose引導定語從句。 同樣，在第二句中，先行詞a house與從句中的名詞 windows也有所屬關系，即the windows of a house，因此要用whose引導定語從句。 【考查點】關系代詞whose的用法 【易錯點】分不清關系代詞作主語還是定語。 【考題鏈接】 Have you seen the man ________________ car was stolen just now? A. which B. who C. whose 答案：C 解題思路：此題考查關系代詞which, who和whose的用法。由于先行詞the man與從句中的名詞 car有所屬關系，即the man’s car, 說明先行詞在從句中作定語，故選C。 ［即學即練］ 用whose把下列句子合并為一句： 1. I know that boy. His brother is now studying abroad. ___________________________________________________________ 2. I have a friend. She is good at playing the piano. ___________________________________________________________ 3. Our English teacher is very beautiful. Her hair is red. ___________________________________________________________
預習導學 上冊 Module 11 Population
一、預習新知 重點單詞：population, increase, crowd, police 重點短語：along with, thanks to, add to, protect…from… 語法：冠詞和數(shù)詞。
二、預習點撥 思考問題一：add to和 add…to…, the number of和a number of如何區(qū)別？ 思考問題二：too many, too much和much too有何區(qū)別？ 思考問題三：英語的冠詞有哪些？ 思考問題四：英語的大數(shù)字怎么讀？
同步練習（答題時間：40分鐘） 一、單項選擇： （*）1. He’s not______ to train for the Olympics. A. enough strong B. strong enough C. weak enough 2. He stays fit because he takes______ every day. A. a lot of exercises B. a lot of exercise C. many exercises 3. Please don’t talk ______ me______ that. A. to, to B. to, about C. on, about 4. Smoking is a bad habit, you should ______________. A. give up it B. give it up C. give it in （*）5. Do you know the teacher_____ daughter is studying at No.2 Middle School? A. who B. that C. whose （*）6. It’s my mother_____ gives me my pocket money, and she’s the person_____ camera I nearly lost. A. whose, who B. whose, whom C. who, whose 7. A lot of farmers refused __the new machine, but the engineer persuaded them __his invention. A. to use, try B. to use, to try C. use, trying 8. I want to drink______ milk. A. a few B. a bit C. a bit of 9. I think junk food should from schools. A. ban B. be ban C. be banned 10. It’s hard work building a bridge over the river. A. aB. theC. / 11. The man ______coat is black is waiting at the gate. A. who’s B. whose C. that 12. More and more people realize the importance to____ fit. A. stay B. do C. take 13. My body_____ after exercise. A. works B. persuade C. aches 14. This morning I __________ into an old friend of mine in the street. A. jumped B. came C. bumped 15. — I hope you are in good health. —_____________________. A. Good luck B. Thanks a lot C. Yes, all right
（*）二、完形填空： Some people just can not decide what to do all by themselves. They often 1 the advice（建議）of their friends. But they never do as their friends have said. My friend Jack is 2 person, and he is always asking me for help. I try to help him as well as I can, but he never listens to me. Yesterday I 3 a new way to make him take my advice. It worked. “Look,” he said ____4 me a letter. “What do you think I should do? ” The letter told him that there was a good job for him. It seemed to be a good chance（機會）for a young artist. His teacher 5 him to Australia to work. The job would pay very 6 , and he 7 to travel and visit many interesting places. “ 8 this, Rose?” he asked, “ If I take the job, I will have to stay in Australia for two years. I may stay a bit longer. But it would be a wonderful time for me. Should I go, Rose?” “Don’t go,” I told him, “You’ll suffer（受苦） a lot there.” “Don’t go?” he 9 surprised at my answer. As you have probably known, Jack went. I wonder（想知道） 10 he found that I really wanted him to take the job. ( ) 1. A. ask forB. receiveC. takeD. give ( ) 2. A. such kindB. this kindC. such aD. a such ( ) 3. A. thoughtB. triedC. gaveD. wanted ( ) 4. A. showingB. showedC. to showD. shown ( ) 5. A. will sendB. sendC. would sendD. sends ( ) 6. A. good B. wellC. niceD. enough ( ) 7. A. could be ableB. could C. would be ableD. would be going ( ) 8. A. What do you like B. How do you like C. How do you think ofD. What do you think ( ) 9. A. asked B. spokeC. saidD. looked ( ) 10. A. why B. whetherC. thatD. when
（**）三、閱讀理解： （A） If you are like most people, your intelligence（智力）changes with the seasons, you are probably a lot sharper in the spring than you are at any other time of year. A famous scientist, Ellsworth Huntington（1876—1947），concluded（總結）that climate and temperature have an effect（作用）on your mental abilities（智力）. He found that cool weather is much more favorable for creative（激活）thinking than summer heat. This does not mean that all people are less intelligent in the summer than they are during the rest of the year. It does mean, however, that the mental abilities of large numbers of people tend to be lowest in the summer. Spring appears to be the best period of the year for thinking. One reason may be that in the spring man’s mental abilities are affected（受影響）by the same factors（因素）that bring about great changes in nature . Fall is the next-best season, then winter .As for summer, it seems to be a good time to take a long vacation from thinking. ( ) 1. Ellsworth Huntington decided that climate and temperature have ______. A. a great effect on everyone’s intelligence B. some effect on most persons’ intelligence C. some effect on a few persons’ intelligence D. no effect on most persons’ intelligence ( ) 2. Why is spring the best season for thinking? Because _______________. A. all nature, including man, is growing then B. it lasts longer than the other seasons C. it is not too warm and not too cold D. both B and C ( ) 3. The two best seasons for thinking seem to be _____________. A. spring and fall B. winter and summer C. summer and spring D. fall and winter ( ) 4. Which of the following is wrong? A. It seems that the cold of winter is better for thinking than very hot weather. B. Perhaps Huntington based（以……為基礎）his conclusion（結論）on work with persons in the same climate. C. Fall is the second best season for thinking. D. Both A and C are wrong ( ) 5. The main idea of this passage is that ____________. A. most people’s intelligence changes with seasons B. seasons are the reason of the changing intelligence C. spring is the best season for thinking D. summer is the best season for taking a long vacation
（B） Shenzhen is a city in South China. It is not very big, but it has attracted people of the whole country and the whole world as well. Just about twenty years ago, it was only a small fishing village. There were not many people there. Most of them lived on fishing. Things have greatly changed since the 1980＇s. It became the first special economic zone（經(jīng)濟特區(qū)）in China. Because of the opening policy（政策）, economic changes between China and the outside world have increased greatly. People can come and go easily between Shenzhen and Hong Kong. Both foreigners and Chinese have built a lot of factories, companies and tourists’ attractions there. People all over the country have come to find jobs. Many of them have settled down in this new booming（興起的）city. Shenzhen is developing so fast that it has become a well－known metropolis（大都市）in China. ( ) 6. Shenzhen lies China. A. in south of B. to south of C. in north of D. on south of ( ) 7. About twenty years ago most of the people in Shenzhen . A. worked in the factories B. did housework C. caught fish for a living D. lived a happy life ( ) 8. When did Shenzhen become a special economic zone? A. 十九世紀八十年代。 B. 二十世紀八十年代。 C. 十九世紀八十年代初。 D. 十八世紀九十年代。 ( ) 9. What have foreigners done in Shenzhen? A. They have come to visit their friends. B. They have built a lot of factories and companies. C. They have got plenty of money from China. D. They have come to buy things. ( ) 10. Many of them have settled down in this new booming city. “settled down” means . A. made down B. sat down C. began to work D. stayed there
四、單詞拼寫： （一）根據(jù)句意及首字母完成單詞： 1. Alice trusts you, only you can p_____________ her to give up the foolish idea. 2. Some schools teach, but fail to e___________ their students. 3. Doing more e__________________ is good for you. 4. He wants to write something about s________________ healthy. 5. Eating junk food has many d____________ for the children. 6. Can you say some kinds of t___________ school meal? 7. He has r___________ his mistakes. He felt very sorry about that. 8. When you sit at a restaurant, the waiter often shows you m___________ at first. 9. Don’t eat too much s______________, it’s bad for teeth. 10. He has a great i___________ in sports and he often watches sports programmes on TV.
（二）用所給單詞的適當形式填空。 1. You are in poor health and you must give up______. (smoke) 2. You should do more _____ (exercise). Don’t always sit at the desk busy doing your _____. (exercise) 3. We all love Miss Yang. She always makes her history class very____.(interest) 4. Foreign stamps ______ him. (interest) 5. Her parents wouldn’t allow her to marry anyone ____ family was poor.(who) 6. When their car becomes old, they prefer_______(buy) a new one rather than _____ (repair) it. 7. I prefer _______(do) exercise to _____(watch) TV. 8. His mother refused ______(buy) him a present. 9. He is sure to come. I’ve_______( persuade) him to attend our meeting. 10. I tried to persuade him ______(give) up _____(smoke), but failed.
五、完成句子： 1. 他說服了我爸爸放棄了這個計劃。 He _____________________________________________________ the plan 2. 他們不贊成我們的觀點。 They _________________________________ us. 3. 他爸爸要他每天做大量的訓練。 His father asked him to ___________________________________. 4. 他拒絕了和他父母出國。 He _____________________________ abroad with his parents. 5. 那本封面是綠色的書是我的。 The book ________________________________________________ is mine.
試題答案 一、 1. B 解析：enough修飾形容詞或副詞時要放在形容詞或副詞的后面，所以先排除A，此句意為“他不夠強壯，不能為奧運會而訓練”，所以選B。 2. B 3. B 4. B 5. C 解析：做此題時，先把先行詞放在從句中，即“the teacher’s daughter is studying at No.2 Middle School”，因此可看出先行詞the teacher與從句中的名詞 daughter有所屬關系，即the teacher’s daughter，因此關系代詞whose在從句中作定語，故選C。 6. C 解析：此句意為“是媽媽給我零花錢，而我差一點把她的相機給弄丟了”，在第二個空里，先行詞放在從句中可寫為“I nearly lost the person’s camera”，因此可看出先行詞the person與從句中的名詞 camera有所屬關系，即the person’s camera，因此關系代詞whose在從句中作定語，故選C。 7. B 解析：“拒絕做某事”是“refuse to do sth.”，“說服某人做某事”是“persuade sb. to do sth.”，故選B。 8. C 9. C 10. C 解析：work是不可數(shù)名詞，排除了A，在這里不是特指，只是說明“在河上建橋是艱苦的工作”，故選C。 11. B 12. A 解析：此句意為“越來越多的人意識到保持健康的重要性”，“保持健康”是“stay/keep fit”, 故選A。 13. C 14. C 15. B 二、1~5 ACBAC 6~10 BCBDB 三、(A) 1~5 BAABA (B) 6~10 ACBBD 四、（一）1. persuade 2.educate 3. exercise 4.staying 5. disadvantages 6. typical 7. realized 8. menu 9. sugar 10. interest （二）1. smoking 2.exercise, exercises 3. interesting 4. interest 5. whose 6. to buy, repair 7. doing, watching 8. to buy 9. persuaded 10. to give, smoking 五、 1. persuaded my father to give up / persuaded my father into giving up 2. didn’t agree with 3. take a lot of exercise 4. refused to go
